Geographic information system Essay Example

Geographic information system Essay Example Geographic information system Essay Geographic information system Essay In a proper way we will have apply the accepted geologic principles. A proper considerations of analytical factors will help in our effort. As there are various types of rock a photographic representation or guide line is not of much importance. In fact the number and relative effectiveness of geological events and various process (causes) that have acted upon them Is of much Importance to evaluate such features. This paper concentrate on the estimation of natural resources with the help of the Aerial photographic analysis. Key Words :1. Remote Sensing 2. Photograph 3. Natural resources 4. Information 5. Sub Area :Remote Sensing Broad Area :Engineering Geology Remote sensing is a technique by which collection of information about any object on the earth surface by recording device that Is not In physical contact with It. This technique is usually restricted to mean methods that record reflected or can say radiated electromagnetic energy, rather than methods that that involve significant penetration beneath(in to) the earth. With the help of Remote sensing technique, taking photograph [aerial photograph] and Interpret It. In fact geological studies are mostly dependent on the field and lab studies , but aerial photo exploitation revised sufficient informative data. The stereoscopic examination of aerial photographs makes possible the identification, selection, demarcation and delineation of lithographic units and enables to establish the stereographic sequence. Black and white photographs several standard such as tone, texture, landforms, topographic expression, slope, drainage pattern and texture, soil, vegetation, mode of weathering and surface features help in the identification of rocks. : Theory of Application of Remote Sensing Aerial photographs as well as satellite imagines occur with the Implementation of emote sensing with employing electromagnetic energy as the means of measuring 1 OFF because of Four-Fold reasons: 1. It provides a permanent record of any objects at any moment of time to the observer. 2. Characteristics feature of Any object which is not visible, can transformed into image clearly. 3. Certain types of aerial photographs and imagery can provide a 3-D view clearly. 4. It represents a relationships among larger area of Earth from a perspective view and provide a format by which we can study of any objects. Unlikeness of topography: It is more understandable on aerial photos than on the spot or in the fields. Topography refers to the level of the land. The difference in level is because of differences in resistances and binding capacities between the rock institution. It is because of this nature tough rocks like sandstones, quartzites granites make higher levels but the week rocks like clays and shale from lower levels. 2. Slope of Surface: This also gives valuable informations with references to underlying materials. Harder rocks form steeper slopes , sandstone forms cliffs but shale forms lower angle slope. On the other hand climate is an important factor in affecting the topography . Just depressed topography while it is tough in dry as lime stone in wet climate forms climate. Some igneous rocks also exhibit the same nature. 3. Drainage: The drainage capacity of rocks of two types (a) Macro drainage: It is like a surface drainage (b) Micro drainage: This includes the pattern and textures of the internal drainage character. The internal drainage is a recognizable feature from an aerial photograph. Impermeable rocks have short and closely formed deepest channels caused by the scattered. But sandstones which have high permeability and a tendency to form a moving mass of water rather than forming gullies. Drainage texture is also related to spacing of Joints and fractures. 4. Geometry of Rock shape and relative arrangement of rocks] This enables the interpreter to distinguish consolidated form unconsolidated sediments and sedimentary from igneous rocks. Belted topography may be the result of tilted consolidated sediments and irregular. Dykes are generally noted by their forms and pattern. Acid dykes are more resistant while basic dykes are less in humid areas. 5. Features of Surface: In topographic map this features will appear so small, but this is very important for topographical interpretation from aerial photographs. Various distinctive micro- features marks in this aerial photography for gneiss, gravel, shale, schist, reality, sand-shale, siltstone, basalt, serpentine, granite , lava etc. 6. Tone and Color: In this section, relative tones play very important role to detection of natural resources.

Goddesses and Sexual Assault in Greek Myth

Goddesses and Sexual Assault in Greek Myth Everyone knows the stories of Greek gods sexual encounters with mortal women, such as when Zeus stole Europa in the shape of a bull and ravished her. Then, there was the time he mated with Leda as a swan, and when he turned poor Io into a cow after having his way with her. But not only human women suffered violent sexual attention from the opposite sex. Even the most powerful females of them all - the goddesses of ancient Greece - fell victim to sexual assault and harassment in Greek myth. Athena and the Snake Baby Patroness of Athens and all-around brilliant divinity, Athena was rightly proud of her chastity. Unfortunately, she ended up enduring harassment from fellow gods - there was one, in particular, her half-brother, Hephaestus. As Hyginus recounts in his Fabulae, Hephaestus approached Athena - whom he says agreed to marry her brother, although that’s doubtful. The bride-to-be resisted. Hephaestus was too excited to keep control, and, â€Å"as they struggled, some of his seed fell to earth, and from it, a boy was born, the lower part of whose body was snake-formed.† Another account has Athena coming to her blacksmith brother for some armor, and, after he attempted to rape her, he â€Å"dropped his seed on the leg of the goddess.†Ã‚  Appalled, Athena wiped his sperm off with a piece of wool and dropped it on the ground, inadvertently fertilizing the earth. Who was the mother, then, if not Athena? Why, Hephaestus’s own ancestress, Gaia, a.k.a. Earth. The child resulting from Hephaestus’s attempted rape of Athena was dubbed Erichthonius - although he may have been one and the same with his descendant, the similarly-named Erechtheus. Summarizes Pausanias, â€Å"Men say that Erichthonius had no human father, but that his parents were Hephaestus and Earth.† Dubbed â€Å"earth-born,† as in Euripides’ Ion, Athena took an interest in her new nephew. Perhaps that was because Erichthonius was an interesting fellow - after all, he was to be king over her city of Athens. Athena stuck Erichthonius in a box and wrapped a snake around him, then entrusted the child to the daughters of Athens’ king. These girls were â€Å"Aglaurus, Pandrosus, and Herse, daughters of Cecrops,† as Hyginus says. As Ovid recounts in his Metamorphoses, Athena â€Å"ordered them not to pry into its secret,† but they did anyway†¦and were either repelled by the snake and baby snuggling - or the fact he mightve been half-snake - or were even driven insane by Athena. Either way, they ended up committing suicide by jumping off the Acropolis. Erichthonius wound up becoming king of Athens. He established both his foster mother’s worship on the Acropolis and the festival of the Panathenaia.   Heras Hardly on Cloud Nine Not even the Queen of Olympus, Hera, was immune to disgusting advances. For one, Zeus, her husband, and the king of the gods may have raped her to shame her into marrying him. Even after her wedding, Hera was still subjected to such horrible incidences. During the war between the gods and the Giants, the latter stormed their rivals’ home on Mt. Olympus. For some reason, Zeus decided to make one giant in particular, Porphyrion, lust after Hera, whom he was already attacking. Then, when Porphyrion tried to rape Hera, â€Å"she called for help, and Zeus smote him with a thunderbolt, and Hercules shot him dead with an arrow.† Why Zeus felt the need to jeopardize his wife in order to justify his murder of a giant - when the gods were already slaying the monsters left and right - boggles the mind. This wasn’t the only time Hera was nearly raped. At one point, she had an ardent mortal admirer named Ixion. In order to satisfy this guy’s lust, Zeus created a cloud that looked exactly like Hera for Ixion to sleep with. Not knowing the difference, Ixion had sex with the cloud, which produced the half-human, half-horse Centaurs. For presuming to sleep with Hera, Zeus sentenced this man to be strapped to a wheel in the Underworld that never stopped turning. This cloud-Hera had a long career of her own. Named Nephele, she ended up marrying Athamas, a king of Boeotia; when Athamas’s second wife wanted to harm Nephele’s children, the cloud lady popped her kids onto a ram - who just happened to have a Golden Fleece - and they flew off. In a similar episode to Hera and Porphyrion, the giant Tityus lusted after Leto, the divine mother of Apollo and Artemis. Writes Pseudo-Apollodorus, â€Å"When Latona [Leto in Latin] came to Pytho [Delphi], Tityus beheld her, and overpowered by lust drew her to him. But she called her children to her aid, and they shot him down with their arrows.†Ã‚  Also, like Ixion, Tityus suffered for his misdeeds in the afterlife, â€Å"for vultures eat his heart in Hades.† Holding Helen and Pursuing Persephone Apparently, sexual assault on the divine ran in Ixion’s family. His son by a prior marriage, Pirithous, became best friends with Theseus. Both guys made vows to abduct and seduce (read: rape) daughters of Zeus, as Diodorus Siculus notes. Theseus kidnapped a pre-teen Helen and may have fathered a daughter with her. That child was Iphigenia, who, in this version of the story, was raised as Agamemnon and Clytemnestra’s kid and was, of course, sacrificed at Aulis in order for the Greek ships to get good winds to sail to Troy. Pirithous dreamed even bigger, lusting after Persephone, daughter of Zeus and Demeter and wife of Hades. Persephone’s own husband kidnapped and raped her, ending up forcing her to stay in the Underworld a good part of the year. Theseus was reluctant to try to abduct a goddess, but he had sworn to help his friend. The two went into the Underworld, but Hades figured out their plan and chained them down. When Heracles trotted down to Hades once, he freed his old pal Theseus,  but Pirithous remained in the Underworld for eternity. Ancient Greece as a Rape Culture? Can we actually identify consent or rape in Greek myth? In some colleges, students have requested trigger warnings before discussing particularly violent Greek texts. The incredibly violent circumstances that appear in Greek myths and tragic plays have led some scholars to deem ancient Greek tragedy a â€Å"rape culture.†Ã‚  It’s an interesting notion; a few classicists have argued that misogyny and rape are modern constructs and such ideas can’t be used effectively when evaluating the past. For example, from one perspective arguing  for terms like â€Å"seduction† and â€Å"kidnapping† over â€Å"rape,† negates the character’s anguish, while other scholars see rape as an initiation rite or identify victims as the aggressors. The above hypotheses can be neither confirmed nor denied but can present different arguments for the reader to consider both sides and to add a few more stories to the repertoire of seduction or sexual violence in Greek myth. This time, there are stories of the highest ladies in the land - goddesses - suffering as their female counterparts did.

Effects on Economic Growth by Financial Repression Essay

Effects on Economic Growth by Financial Repression - Essay Example The McKinnon-Shaw hypothesis recommended the liberalisation of the financial sectors from such restrictions to stop economic stagnation and initiate economic growth. This hypothesis, however, is not without its share of critics who pointed out that severe financial repression must be distinguished from mild repression or that the McKinnon-Shaw framework failed to take into certain factors such as inflation or that some of its basic components lacked empirical basis. Moreover, specific studies of countries that adopted this financial repression yielded unequivocal results that could lead one to assert that financial repression leads only to one and only one result - economic stagnation. In connection with this, the cases of India and China, both of which have experienced financial repression, are presented in this paper to shed light to the McKinnon-Shaw claim that financial repression negatively affects economic growth. This is timely considering that both, especially China, are pres ently considered emerging super economies of the world. Financial repression is a term that was first coined in the 1970s by McKinnon and Shaw, but was actually a condition that existed prevalently before that. As a matter of fact, financial repression was the norm and financial liberalisation, its opposing term, the exception prior to the 1980s. Financial repression, thus, refers to government intervention in the financial environment by substituting regular market variables and mechanisms with its own (Spratt 58). The existence of financial repression can be deduced from the presence of the following factors: unsystematic distortions in financial prices such as interest and exchange rates; interest rates with ceiling caps and nominal interest at fixed rates, which lead to low or even negative real interest rates.

The photograph in focus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The photograph in focus - Essay Example The picture of the macaque covers the immediate front upper half parts of the animal and also little of the front parts of both sides of the animal such as the protruding shoulders. It is a close up picture meaning the photographer must have been considerably near the animal. Although the picture was taken from a close range, the image of the macaque does not fill the parameters of the photograph. It allows for approximately 50% view of the background on its top, right hand and left hand sides respectively. The photograph’s position is not centrally balanced but a little shifted to right the hand side giving a greater view of the background on the left hand side. Such characteristics of the photographs could be as a result of taking the picture in a rush in order to capture that exact moment hence no time to properly balance and plan. Again, it may be a deliberate move by the photographer in order to show the environment of the animal. In the picture, the macaque is covered in brown fur with patches of grey on the front side. It appears to be in a seated position with its butt to the ground and fore arms firmly supported on the ground due to its frontal horizontal posture. Its mouth is wide opened depicting that the animal is making loud sounds characteristic of a form of communication to other animals. The wide mouth is displaying a set of big strong teeth and tongue to further depict that this animal can handle or even take hard foods that require hard biting into and tearing. An example of such a food would be the crabs. The teeth are also a symbol of the strength of the animal as tools such as in fighting with others. Some of the teeth at the inner end of the mouth have black patches on their upper side depicting they are experiencing a mild form of decay. This can be a show of the lifestyle and brain capacity of the animal in that it does not disinfect its mouth against decay but the tongue keeps the mouth as clean. Some of the teeth appear to be br oken while some are totally missing from their sockets. This could be a show of the tough to break or chew type of diet that the macaque follows. In addition, it could also be as symbols of injuries from fighting either with enemies or in pursuit of dominance within social groups. The face appears to be squelched backwards with its eyes closed, ears pushed backwards, and nostrils half closed. This facial expression on the macaque shows the intensity in which it is making the noise. Both this facial expression and the extremely wide opened mouth show the great intensity in which it is making the sound which might be assumed is intended to warn an enemy or alert its comrades. The background of the picture shows fresh, deep green bushy vegetation. This is as a show of the habitual environment of the macaque. This is consistent with the macaque’s habitual home of mangrove forests and other marshy regions. Light in the photograph appears to be subjectively focused on the macaque o n its right side while the left side is in partial darkness. The lack of a properly defined shadow depicts that the light is not very strong. On the background, the light appears to be of bright yellow color as the morning sunrise while from the view of the animal it appears to be bright white in color. This difference in color of the light on the macaque is attributed to the reflection and absorption by its outer grey colored fur. Again, the whole right

Essay --

In the past, only the physical aspects of cancer were recognized. An individual’s body was only treated and the person within that body went unnoticed. Cancer, which was commonly known as the â€Å"C word†, was considered a death sentence. The patient was often not told the diagnosis as family and physicians felt that the patient was unable to handle this diagnosis. In early years there was a stigma to having cancer and people did not talk about it. In the late 70s, psychiatrist Limmie Holland was the first health care professional that began speaking about the human side of cancer. She began the initial permanent psychiatric service in a cancer research hospital in 1977 and this produced the field psycho-oncology. However people were often confused as to what psychiatrists were doing with cancer patients and they frequently questioned it. Even today, there is confusion about the need for psycho-oncology services in the medical community and occasionally even resistance from patients(Inman, 2010). When one is diagnosed with cancer, it is ego shattering. The secure, predictable place where one felt in control is no more - their world as they once knew it no longer exists. The changes they go through can be extremely challenging. Cancer influences every aspect of life: one’s body, mind, spirit; family; friends; job; relationship with God and future. The diagnosis often leaves them feeling physically, mentally, emotionally and cognitively out of control. Physically, treatment can produce exhaustion, pain, and irritability. Emotionally, feelings may become intense at times. Cognitive changes involve patients having difficulty with memory and concentration. The emotions one goes through may continue after treatment finishes. There are no... ...onjunction with the parent’s over-protectiveness. Social Effects Children with cancer may experience some social effects due to the illness. School-going children with cancer have limited time available for normal activities as they are preoccupied with hospitalizations, treatments, laboratory tests and radiology scans. They are also limited in terms of the types of activities they can engage in as they become easily fatigued, have limited mobility and have a higher risk of injury than other children. Some of the social effects of cancer and its treatment include feelings of being overwhelmed, anxiety, depression, fear, frustration, and a poor self concept (Spinelli, 2004). Psychological Effects Children with cancer may also experience psychological side effects such as social isolation, peer rejection, tendency to withdrawal and embarrassment (Spinelli, 2004).

Organizational Behaviour Essay

Explain ‘Y’ theory of Mc Gegor. Answer: Douglas McGregor proposed two   Ã‚  Home theories by which to view employee motivation. He avoided descriptive labels and   Ã‚  About simply called the theories Theory X and Theory Y. Both of these theories begin with Privacy the premise that management’s role is to assemble the factors of production,   Ã‚  Reprints including people, for the economic benefit of the firm. Beyond this point, the two   Ã‚  Terms of Use theories of management diverge. Theory Y The higher-level needs of esteem and self-actualization are continuing needs in that they are never completely satisfied. As such, it is these higher-level needs through which employees can best be motivated. Theory Y makes the following general assumptions: †¢ Work can be as natural as play and rest. †¢ People will be self-directed to meet their work objectives if they are committed to them. †¢ People will be committed to their objectives if rewards are in place that address higher needs such as self-fulfillment. †¢ Under these conditions, people will seek responsibility. †¢ Most people can handle responsibility because creativity and ingenuity are common in the population. Under these assumptions, there is an opportunity to align personal goals with organizational goals by using the employee’s own quest for fulfillment as the motivator. McGregor stressed that Theory Y management does not imply a soft approach. McGregor recognized that some people may not have reached the level of maturity assumed by Theory Y and therefore may need tighter controls that can be relaxed as the employee develops. Theory Y Management Implications If Theory Y holds, the firm can do many things to harness the motivational energy of its employees. Decentralization and Delegation – If firms decentralize control and reduce the number of levels of management, each manager will have more subordinates and consequently will be forced to delegate some responsibility and decision making to them. 2. Job Enlargement – Broadening the scope of an employee’s job adds variety and opportunities to satisfy ego needs. 3. Participative Management – Consulting employees in the decision making process taps their creative capacity and provides them with some control over their work environment. Performance Appraisals – Having the employee set objectives and participate in the process of evaluating how well they were met. 5. If properly implemented, such an environment would result in a high level of motivation as employees work to satisfy their higher level personal needs through their jobs. 2. Explain Chris Argyris’s immaturity – maturity theory. Answer: Chris Argyris developed the Theory of Immaturity-Maturity. Individuals progress at different rates from the total immaturity of early childhood (being passive, dependent, shallow, limited activity) to maturity (active, independent, deeper thoughts, more varied interests). Most organizations have bureaucratic or pyramidal values that foster immaturity in workers and â€Å"in many cases, when people join the workforce, they are kept from maturing by the management practices utilized in their organizations† (Hersey 65). Argyris’s Immaturity-Maturity Theory is the most intriguing of these motivational theories. Unfortunately, most organizations still adopt the bureaucratic or pyramidal style of leadership. This authoritarian style often resembles a family with a dominating parent (management) exercising almost total control over the children (employees). It is no wonder in these environments that trust and creativity are rare. There are exceptions however. The leadership of the author’s employer, the YWCA of Nashville, values employees and treats them with respect. As a result, YWCA staff members are more independent and have room to grow. It is easy to apply this theory to many circumstances outside the workplace. Families in which parents are either over-protective or, on the other extreme, do not protect their children at all may have offspring who are immature and have trouble forming long-term relationships. Governments with strong central authority where people have little personal freedom usually have citizens who are dependent financially and psychologically. Schools where rigid rules are more important than the free flow of ideas will probably graduate students with narrow views and a lack of creativity. It is obvious that human beings flourish only when they are in an environment with trust, support and independence. The fact that bureaucratic/ pyramidal values still dominate most organizations, according to Argyris, has produced many of our current organizational problems. While at Yale, he examined industrial organizations to determine what effect management practices have had on individual behaviour and personal growth within the work environment. Personality changes According to Argyris, seven changes should take place in the personality of individuals if they are to develop into mature people over the years. †¢ First, individuals move from a passive state as infants to a state of increasing activity as adults. Second, individuals develop from a state of dependency upon others as infants to a state of relative independence as adults. Third, individuals behave in only a few ways as infants, but as adults they are capable of behaving in many ways. †¢ Fourth, individuals have erratic, casual, and shallow interests as infants but develop deeper and stronger interests as adults. †¢ Fifth, the time perspective of children is very short, involving only the present, but as they mature, their time perspective increases to include the past and the future. †¢ Sixth, individuals as infants are subordinate to everyone, but they move to equal or superior positions with others as adults. Seventh, as children, individuals lack an awareness of a â€Å"self,† but as adults they are not only aware of, but they are able to control â€Å"self.

Post-humanist And Vitalist Posthumanism - 709 Words

Vitalist posthumanism on the other encompasses various philosophical orientations and philosophers, including the feminist theorist, non-representational theories, and more than human geographers who take inspirations from the deconstructive posthumanism but rather analyze humans’ well-being in a different ontology which Lorimer refers to as nonessentialist, vitalist ontology (Lorimer, 2009). Notable scholars who inspired this strand of posthumanism include Isabelle Stengers, Gilles Deleuze, Bruno Latour, and among other equally important scholars. The main argument of this strand of posthumanism especially from the work of Bruno Latour and his contemporaries is that, humans have never been modern and challenged the dualism perpetuated by†¦show more content†¦They are averse to the centrality position accorded humans and their consciousness over other beings. This aversion or challenge to the centrality of humans in geographical analysis as emphasized by humanistic ge ography is conspicuous when Latour states that â€Å"challenging the idea that humans occupy a separate and privileged place among other beings has been the central goal of a now familiar posthumanist agenda in geography† (cited in Anderson 2004, p.4). The third similarities shared by the deconstructive and vitalist posthumanism is that both strands shared a similar epistemological perspective. They both shared a seemingly analogous epistemology and that is an epistemology that is grounded in situated knowledge and not the kind of epistemology advanced by the humanistic geography which is constructed on the solitary human subject (Lorimer, 2009). By situated knowledge, it denotes a knowledge that is explicit to a situation, hence not having a universal applicability. Differences between Deconstructive posthumanism and Vitalist posthumanism Despite the commonalities between the deconstructive and vitalist humanisms discussed in the previous section, there are some differences that can be deciphered between these two strands. First and foremost, both strands differ from an ontological standpoint. Whilst vitalist posthumanism has a comprehensible ontology, the deconstructive posthumanism are anti-ontological in their approach (Lorimer, 2009). Secondly, the